Catégorie : Programmation JV

Encapsulation : Masquage de l’état interne et des fonctionnalités d’un objet et autorise uniquement l’accès via un ensemble public de fonctions. (source)

Mots clés: public, private, protected, get;, set;

Version 1 de l’accessibilité et protection des membres:

public class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Character character = new Character();
        character.Stats();
    }
    
}

public class Character
{
    private string name = "Gordon";
    private int healthPoints = 100;

    // méthode décomposée du get; set;
    public void SetName(string newName)
    {
        name = newName;
    }

    public string GetName()
    {
        return name;
    }

    public void SetHealthPoints(int newHp)
    {
        if (newHp < 0)
        {
            newHp = 0;
        }
        if (newHp > 100)
        {
            newHp = 100;
        }

        healthPoints = newHp;
    }

    public void Stats()
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name} | HP: {healthPoints}");
        Console.Read();
    }
}

Version 2 « optimisée » :

public class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Character character = new Character("Gordon", 100);
        character.Stats();
    }
    
}

public class Character
{
    public string name { get; private set; } // Il faut mettre ce champ en "public" pour proteger le set
    private int healthPoints = 100;

    public Character(string newName, int newHp)
    {
        name = newName;

        if (newHp < 0)
        {
            newHp = 0;
        }
        if (newHp > 100)
        {
            newHp = 100;
        }

        healthPoints = newHp;
    }

    public void Stats()
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name} | HP: {healthPoints}");
        Console.Read();
    }
}

Apprentissage des principes de la programmation orientée objet.

Encapsulation, héritage, abstraction et polymorphisme.

Exemple d’héritage:

namespace Heritage
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CharacterClass newCharacter = new CharacterClass();
            
        }
    }
}

namespace Heritage
{
    public abstract class Entity
    {
        protected int strength;
        protected int dexterity;
        protected int willpower;
        protected int healthPoints;
        protected string name;
        protected string classType;
    }
}

namespace Heritage
{
    public class Character : Entity
    {
        private int level;
        private int experience;

        public Character()
        {
            classType = ClassName();
            level = 1;
            experience = 0;
            name = CharacterName();
            strength = CharacterStrength();
            dexterity = CharacterDexterity();
            willpower = CharacterWillpower();
            healthPoints = 5;
            //Console.WriteLine(Stats());
        }

        public static string CharacterName()
        {
            var random = new Random();

            var firstName = new List<string> { "Gordon", "John", "Kaneda", "François"};
            var lastName = new List<string> { "Freeman", "Carter", "Shotaro", "Deschamps"};

            int index1 = random.Next(firstName.Count);
            int index2 = random.Next(lastName.Count);

            string name = firstName[index1] + " " + lastName[index2];
            return name;
        }

        public static int CharacterStrength()
        {
            var random = new Random();
            int strength = random.Next(1, 4);
            return strength;
        }

        public static int CharacterDexterity()
        {
            var random = new Random();
            int dexterity = random.Next(1, 4);
            return dexterity;
        }

        public static int CharacterWillpower()
        {
            var random = new Random();
            int willpower = random.Next(1, 4);
            return willpower;
        }

        private string ClassName()
        {
            var random = new Random();
            var classes = new List<string> { "Wizard", "Thief", "Fighter" };
            int index = random.Next(classes.Count);
            string classType = classes[index];
            return classType;
        }

        public string Stats()
        {
            return $"Name: {name}\n" +
                   $"Class: {classType}\n" +
                   $"Level: {level}\n" +
                   $"XP: {experience}\n" +
                   $"STR: {strength}\n" +
                   $"DEX: {dexterity}\n" +
                   $"WIL: {willpower}\n" +
                   $"HP: {healthPoints}\n";
        }
    }
}

namespace Heritage
{
    public class CharacterClass : Character
    {
        public CharacterClass()
        {
            switch (classType)
            {
                case "Wizard":
                    willpower += 5;
                    break;
                case "Thief":
                    dexterity += 4;
                    healthPoints += 1;
                    break;
                case "Fighter":
                    strength += 3;
                    healthPoints += 3;
                    break;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(Stats());
        }
    }
}